5 km of running a day, at whatever pace you like
It's the “whatever you like” that matters. Among 55,137 adults followed for fifteen years, runners had a 30% lower risk of dying, 45% lower for cardiovascular causes, and lived three years longer on average. The benefit was already there for those who ran less than 51 minutes a week, and for those who ran slower than 9.7 km/h.
A meta-analysis of 232,149 participants goes further: 27% lower all-cause mortality, 30% for the heart, 23% for cancers — and no dose-response relationship. Running faster, longer or more often gave no extra protection. The authors sum it up in one sentence: running once a week is better than not running.
Let's be honest: no study says “5 km a day”. The benefit starts well below that. We ask for 5 km because a daily appointment holds better than a good resolution, not because it is a medical threshold. Three kilometres of brisk walking already counts.